3/22/2023 0 Comments Hedonic adjustment![]() ![]() There is relatively little research on well-being in a eudaimonic context, especially in relation to specific stressful situations, even though such situations are known to trigger a search for meaning. However, the research to date-both cross-sectional and longitudinal-has been dominated by a hedonic approach to well-being, i.e., an analysis of life satisfaction and affect. Therefore, well-being can also be treated as an indicator of adaptation to stressful situations in an individual’s life. Ryff (1989) broadly reviewed the existing literature, and distinguished six factors in her concept of well-being the author highlighted that the main strength of this model is its holistic view of well-being, going beyond a focus on the experience of positive emotions. Eudaimonism understands well-being as seeing the sense of-and being certain of fulfilling-valuable goals. ![]() A person aims at personal fulfillment in terms of developing their own virtues and individual potential which, in turn, promotes the realization of their own goals in life. The eudaimonic attitude concerns the current emotions and experiences of a human being as they relate to self-realization. Eudaimonism stands in contrast to hedonism it was first described by Aristotle, who claimed that attaining real happiness requires finding and identifying one’s own virtues and then cultivating and developing them. This way of thinking was further developed by Epicurus, who asserted that pursuing the intensification of pleasure is the main goal in life. The concept of hedonism was first formulated by Aristippus of Cyrene, who claimed that happiness means experiencing sensual pleasure, and that a good life consists of maximizing such experiences. The understanding of well-being can be detailed by employing two philosophical systems: (1) hedonic and (2) eudaimonic. It is worth noting that children with cancer are particularly vulnerable therefore, for parents of children with oncological diseases, the numerous reports of the association between SARS-CoV-2 and MIS-C syndrome may be an additional source of stress. Between 20 and 40% of the children diagnosed with COVID-19 met the criteria for Kawasaki disease, while the mortality rate for children with PIMS is estimated to be 2%. However, in April 2020, there were reports regarding the connection between SARS-CoV-2 and pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS), later called MIS-C syndrome. ![]() Initially, SARS-CoV-2 infections in children were much less common than in adults and, when infected, children had a much milder course of symptoms. As of the date of this article’s submission, the statistics in Poland are as follows: since 4 March 2020, 5,519,282 people have been infected and 109,509 people have died. The first “hard” lockdown was introduced in Poland on 16 March 2020, five days after the official announcement of the pandemic by the WHO. In Poland, on 4 March 2020, the first case of SARS-CoV-2 was found in a patient returning from Germany. The oncological disease of a child is likely to be the central and the strongest factor for the parents, meaning that an additional, global stressor does not cause deeper exacerbation of their well-being. These findings showed a limited effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of parents of children with cancer. The results of the comparative analyses did not support the hypothesis, as the groups did not differ significantly in their reported levels of either eudaimonic (F (1.93) = 0.11, p = 0.75, η p 2= 0.001) or hedonic well-being (F (1.100) = 0.02, p = 0.89, η p 2 = 0.0001). Following propensity score matching, 111 pairs were established. In total, 310 parents participated in the study. It was hypothesized that there may be a cumulative effect of stress, with parents expressing lower well-being during the pandemic due to the accumulation of stress related to their child’s illness and the pandemic. One group of parents was assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the other was assessed before it occurred. The main aim of this study was to analyze the eudaimonic and hedonic well-being of parents of children with cancer by considering the role of a global stressor-the COVID-19 pandemic. ![]()
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